Short Answer 
Wilde’s play uses the pun between “Ernest” and “earnest” to explore themes of identity and authenticity among its characters. The character Ernest’s journey from adopting facades to recognizing the value of being true to oneself highlights the importance of authenticity for genuine fulfillment.
Step 1: Understanding the Pun
Wilde cleverly uses a play on words throughout the play to link the name Ernest with the concept of being earnest. This connection highlights the irony of the characters’ situations as they navigate their personal identities. The pun serves as a central theme, showcasing how the characters embody their names in contrasting ways.
Step 2: Analyzing the Character of Ernest
The character Ernest portrays numerous identities and professions that are all a facade. He adopts these false personas to escape his reality, which emphasizes a lack of authenticity. By assuming these roles, he conflicts with the true meaning of being earnest, which is rooted in genuine self-representation and integrity.
Step 3: The Revelation of Authenticity
As the play progresses, Ernest comes to realize the importance of being honest and true to himself. This journey culminates in a moment of clarity where he understands that the qualities of being earnest align closely with his own name. Ultimately, the resolution implies that authenticity is essential for true fulfillment in life.