Short Answer 
The “Letter from Birmingham Jail” by Martin Luther King Jr. outlines the context of his imprisonment and the injustices faced by the African American community, emphasizing the need for social change. King analyzes systemic inequality and argues that nonviolent demonstrations are a legitimate response to the pervasive injustices perpetuated by local authorities.
Step 1: Understanding the Context
The “Letter from Birmingham Jail” was written by Martin Luther King Jr. while he was imprisoned for participating in nonviolent demonstrations against segregation. In his letter, he addresses the injustices faced by the African American community in Birmingham. The letter highlights the urgent need for social change and the reasons behind the demonstrations, reflecting the frustrations of the oppressed.
Step 2: Analyzing the Injustice
King effectively describes the record of injustice in Birmingham, particularly the role of the white power structure. He emphasizes that the systemic inequality left the African American community with no option but to protest. Key examples from the letter include:
- The lack of viable alternatives for the Negro community.
- Instances of discrimination and economic disadvantage.
- The emotional and psychological impact of segregation.
Step 3: Identifying the Argument
The central argument presented in the letter is that the demonstrations are a response to the injustices perpetuated by the local authorities. King articulates the urgency of taking action against these injustices, making it clear that peaceful protests are a legitimate response. Therefore, King’s depiction of Birmingham’s historical injustices serves as critical evidence supporting the need for change.