Short Answer 
Feudalism was a medieval system where lords granted land to vassals in exchange for loyalty and military service. Under Napoleon, a similar ruling class emerged, characterized by land grants for loyalty, creating a hierarchy and fostering dependence on him, reflecting past feudal dynamics while transitioning from a traditional monarchy.
Step 1: Understand Feudalism
Feudalism was a political and social system that dominated medieval Europe, characterized by a hierarchy of lords and vassals. In this system, lords granted land, known as fiefs, to vassals in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection. This reciprocal relationship fostered a sense of obligation and allegiance that was fundamental to the governance and stability of society at that time.
Step 2: Analyze Napoleon’s Ruling Class
Under Napoleon, a new ruling class emerged that mirrored the feudal relationships of the past. Napoleon systematically granted titles and land to individuals who pledged their support and loyalty to him. In this way, a powerful elite was established, bound to him through financial and social obligations. The similarities to feudalism include:
- Land grants in exchange for loyalty.
- A hierarchical structure where position depended on allegiance to the ruler.
- The creation of a loyal class that owed their rise to Napoleon’s patronage.
Step 3: Compare with Louis XVI’s Time
During Louis XVI’s reign, the feudal system was still in practice, where lords had control over land and expected loyalty from vassals. Napoleon’s system, while more modern in some aspects, retained this critical element of land for loyalty, thus aligning closely with feudal structures. The new ruling class under Napoleon could be seen as:
- A reflection of the past feudal dynamics.
- A transition from a traditional monarchy to a more centralized control through personal loyalty.
- A way to ensure stability by fostering dependence on Napoleon as the ultimate authority.