Short Answer 
The answer outlines key violations of ethical standards for federal employees, including conflicts of interest, misuse of position, and acceptance of improper gifts. Employees must avoid situations where personal interests interfere with public duties, misuse their position for personal gain, and accept gifts that might influence their official responsibilities.
Step 1: Understand Conflicts of Interest
One of the key violations outlined in Executive Orders 12674 and 12731 is the issue of conflicts of interest. Federal employees are required to steer clear of situations where their personal financial interests could interfere with their responsibilities as public servants. Common examples include accepting bribes or participating in insider trading, both of which compromise ethical standards.
Step 2: Recognize Misuse of Position
Another serious violation is the misuse of position. This relates to federal employees leveraging their positions for unauthorized personal gain. Violations occur if an employee uses governmental resources for personal matters or shows favoritism towards friends or family members in official decisions, undermining the integrity expected in public service.
Step 3: Identify Improper Gifts
The acceptance of improper gifts is also prohibited under these executive orders. Federal employees should not accept gifts that could unduly influence their official duties. Accepting lavish gifts from contractors or lobbyists can create an appearance of corruption and is a clear breach of ethical conduct in government service.