Short Answer 
Oscar Wilde’s “The Importance of Being Earnest” critiques the strict social norms of Victorian society, emphasizing the absurdity of these rules through humor and satire in characters like Algernon. Wilde questions various aspects of Victorian morals, including behavioral norms, consumption, and acceptable literature, urging readers to reconsider the relevance of such societal expectations.
Step 1: Understand the Context of Victorian Society
The play “The Importance of Being Earnest” by Oscar Wilde is set in the Victorian era, a time known for its strict social codes. These rules governed various aspects of life, including how individuals should behave in public, the kind of literature that was acceptable, and even what one should wear. Understanding these societal norms is crucial to grasping the deeper meanings in Wilde’s work.
Step 2: Analyze Algernon’s Epigram
Algernon’s final epigram serves as a sharp critique of these rigid rules imposed by Victorian society. His words highlight the absurdity and limitations of adhering strictly to societal expectations. This use of satire is common in Wilde’s writing, where humor and irony reflect the flaws of social conventions.
Step 3: Recognize Wilde’s Broader Critique
Wilde’s critiques extend beyond just literature and clothing; he questions the very nature of Victorian morals. In his writing, he addresses the following key issues:
- Behavioral Norms: The societal expectations that dictate how one should act.
- Consumption: What is acceptable to eat and drink based on social standing.
- Reading Material: Regulations regarding literature that were considered appropriate.
By illustrating these themes, Wilde encourages readers to reconsider the validity of many societal rules of his time.