Short Answer
Inflation is the sustained increase in prices within an economy, with low inflation indicating stability and gradual price rises that support economic growth. Central banks play a crucial role in managing inflation to maintain a healthy economy by implementing policies that ensure controlled price increases.
Step 1: Understanding Inflation
Inflation is defined as the sustained increase in the price level of an economy over time. It is essential to comprehend that a low inflation level indicates a slow pace of price increases. This situation prevents the economy from facing severe crises or recessions.
Step 2: Effects of Low Inflation
Low inflation plays a crucial role in stabilizing the economy. It allows for smoother adjustments in the labor market during downturns. A gradual rise in prices aids in maintaining aggregate demand, ensuring that the economy can grow healthily without overwhelming risks.
Step 3: Role of Central Banks
Central banks are responsible for controlling inflation rates to keep it low or moderate. Their goal is to ensure that inflation is managed effectively, which positively impacts economic growth. They implement policies to foster conditions that support a stable economy through controlled price increases.