Short Answer 
Political Action Committees (PACs) are organizations that raise and spend funds to support political campaigns, providing essential financial assistance to candidates. They are regulated by the Federal Election Commission (FEC), which enforces guidelines for transparency and accountability in their financial activities.
Step 1: Understanding PACs and Their Purpose
Political Action Committees (PACs) are organizations specifically created to raise and spend funds to support political campaigns. Their main purpose is to provide financial assistance to candidates, which plays a crucial role in the electoral process. Unlike general interest groups, PACs focus on fundraising and campaign contributions, allowing them to have a more direct influence on political outcomes.
Step 2: Financial Contributions by PACs
A key characteristic of PACs is their ability to provide financial support to political campaigns. This financial backing can come in various forms including direct contributions to candidates, political parties, or even other PACs. By doing so, PACs empower candidates who align with their interests and significantly impact their chances of electoral success. This unique capability sets PACs apart from traditional interest groups.
Step 3: Regulation by the Federal Election Commission
PACs are subject to regulation by the Federal Election Commission (FEC), which implements guidelines that ensure transparency and accountability in their financial activities. The FEC mandates specific disclosure requirements that PACs must adhere to, thereby maintaining clear records of their fundraising and spending. This level of regulation distinguishes PACs from interest groups, which may not face the same stringent oversight regarding their political contributions.