Short Answer
During WWII, both democratic and authoritarian governments engaged in total war by mobilizing resources and society, emphasizing propaganda for public morale and discipline for societal order. However, their ideologies differed, with authoritarian regimes pursuing aggressive expansion and democracies focusing on liberty, leading to actions that sometimes contradicted their stated principles.
Step 1: Understanding Total War
Both democratic and authoritarian governments engaged in total war during WWII, mobilizing every aspect of their societies to support the war effort. They utilized the entire strength of their nations by incorporating various sectors, including the economy, industry, and the civilian population. This involved significant resource allocation and effort from all citizens, fully committing to the war.
- Mobilization of the economy
- Involvement of industries
- Enlistment of the populace
Step 2: The Role of Propaganda and Discipline
Both government types utilized propaganda to maintain public morale and support throughout the war. It played a crucial role in framing the conflict and justifying actions taken by the state, while strict discipline was enforced among military forces and on the home front to maintain order. The emphasis on discipline was essential for managing societal behavior during times of crisis.
- Maintaining public support
- Justifying military actions
- Enforcing societal order
Step 3: Ideological Differences and Contradictions
While both governments engaged in total war and utilized propaganda, their underlying ideologies differed. Authoritarian regimes often held beliefs in racial or national supremacy, pursuing aggressive expansionist policies, whereas democracies focused on the defense of liberty and democracy. Despite their stated principles, both types of governments sometimes took actions that contradicted their values, showcasing the complex nature of warfare during this period.
- Authoritarian expansionism
- Democratic values of liberty
- Contradictory actions of both regimes